Postman 脚本

// 设置环境变量 pm.environment.set("timestamp", Date.now()); pm.environment.set("requestId", pm.variables.replaceIn("{{$guid}}")); // 计算认证 token const token = btoa("username:password"); pm.environment.set("basicAuth", `Basic ${token}`); // 生成 HMAC 签名 const CryptoJS = require('crypto-js'); const secret = pm.environment.get("apiSecret"); const body = pm.request.body.raw; const signature = CryptoJS.HmacSHA256(body, secret).toString(); pm.request.headers.add({ key: "X-Signature", value: signature });

pm.test("状态码为 200", () => { pm.response.to.have.status(200); }); pm.test("响应时间 < 500ms", () => { pm.expect(pm.response.responseTime).to.be.below(500); }); const json = pm.response.json(); pm.test("用户有必填字段", () => { pm.expect(json).to.have.property("id"); pm.expect(json.name).to.be.a("string"); pm.expect(json.email).to.include("@"); }); // 保存到环境变量供后续请求使用 pm.environment.set("userId", json.id); pm.environment.set("authToken", json.token);

// 环境变量（每个环境独立） pm.environment.set("key", "value"); pm.environment.get("key"); pm.environment.unset("key"); // 全局变量 pm.globals.set("globalToken", "abc123"); // Collection 变量 pm.collectionVariables.set("baseUrl", "https://api.example.com"); // 变量优先级：local > data > environment > collection > global // 内置动态变量： // {{$guid}} — UUID v4 // {{$timestamp}} — Unix 时间戳 // {{$randomInt}} — 随机整数 0-1000 // {{$randomEmail}} — 随机邮箱

pm.response.code; // 200 pm.response.responseTime; // 毫秒 pm.response.headers.get("Content-Type"); pm.response.json(); // 解析 JSON pm.response.text(); // 原始字符串 pm.response.to.be.ok; pm.response.to.have.status(201); // JSON Schema 校验 const schema = { type: "object", required: ["id", "name"], properties: { id: { type: "number" }, name: { type: "string" } } }; pm.test("Schema 合法", () => { pm.response.to.have.jsonSchema(schema); });

const token = pm.collectionVariables.get("accessToken"); const expiry = pm.collectionVariables.get("tokenExpiry"); if (!token || Date.now() > expiry) { pm.sendRequest({ url: pm.environment.get("authUrl") + "/token", method: "POST", header: { "Content-Type": "application/json" }, body: { mode: "raw", raw: JSON.stringify({ client_id: pm.environment.get("clientId"), client_secret: pm.environment.get("clientSecret"), grant_type: "client_credentials" }) } }, (err, res) => { if (!err) { const data = res.json(); pm.collectionVariables.set("accessToken", data.access_token); pm.collectionVariables.set("tokenExpiry", Date.now() + data.expires_in * 1000); } }); }