API 测试

APIRequestContext — HTTP 请求

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'; test('GET /api/users', async ({ request }) => { const response = await request.get('/api/users'); expect(response.status()).toBe(200); expect(response.ok()).toBeTruthy(); const body = await response.json(); expect(body).toHaveLength(3); }); test('POST /api/users', async ({ request }) => { const response = await request.post('/api/users', { data: { name: '张三', email: '[email protected]' }, }); expect(response.status()).toBe(201); const user = await response.json(); expect(user.id).toBeDefined(); });

响应断言

test('API 响应断言', async ({ request }) => {
  const response = await request.get('/api/profile');

  expect(response.status()).toBe(200);
  expect(response.ok()).toBeTruthy();

  expect(response.headers()['content-type']).toContain('application/json');

  const json = await response.json();
  expect(json).toMatchObject({
    id: expect.any(Number),
    email: expect.stringContaining('@'),
  });

  await expect(response).toBeOK();
});

认证存储 — storageState

// global-setup.ts — 登录一次，所有测试复用 import { chromium } from '@playwright/test'; async function globalSetup() { const browser = await chromium.launch(); const page = await browser.newPage(); await page.goto('http://localhost:3000/login'); await page.fill('#email', '[email protected]'); await page.fill('#password', 'adminpass'); await page.click('[type="submit"]'); await page.waitForURL('**/dashboard'); // 保存 cookies + localStorage await page.context().storageState({ path: 'auth/admin.json' }); await browser.close(); } // playwright.config.ts export default defineConfig({ globalSetup: './global-setup.ts', use: { storageState: 'auth/admin.json' }, });

路由 Mock — page.route()

test('mock API 响应', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.route('**/api/users', async route => {
    await route.fulfill({
      status: 200,
      contentType: 'application/json',
      body: JSON.stringify([{ id: 1, name: '张三' }]),
    });
  });

  // 中断请求
  await page.route('**/*.png', route => route.abort());

  await page.goto('/');
  await expect(page.getByText('张三')).toBeVisible();
});

API 测试速查表

方法	用途
`request.get(url)`	HTTP GET 请求
`request.post(url, {data})`	HTTP POST JSON 请求
`response.json()`	解析响应为 JSON
`response.status()`	获取 HTTP 状态码
`page.route(pattern, fn)`	拦截/mock 网络请求
`storageState`	保存/恢复认证 cookies