Newman 命令
安装与基础运行
npm install -g newman
newman run collection.json
newman run collection.json -e environment.json
newman run collection.json \
-e staging.environment.json \
-g globals.json
newman run collection.json \
--env-var "apiUrl=https://api.staging.example.com" \
--env-var "authToken=mytoken123"
报告器
newman run collection.json --reporters cli
newman run collection.json --reporters junit
newman run collection.json --reporters cli,junit,json \
--reporter-junit-export results/junit.xml \
--reporter-json-export results/report.json
# 安装 htmlextra 报告器
npm install newman-reporter-htmlextra
newman run collection.json \
--reporters htmlextra \
--reporter-htmlextra-export results/report.html \
--reporter-htmlextra-title "API 测试报告"
迭代数据与多次运行
# data.csv
# username,password,expectedStatus
# alice,pass123,200
# bob,wrong,401
newman run collection.json \
-d data.csv \
-e environment.json \
--reporters cli,junit \
--reporter-junit-export results.xml
超时与延迟
newman run collection.json --timeout-request 5000
newman run collection.json --timeout-response 10000
newman run collection.json --delay-request 200
newman run collection.json --insecure
newman run collection.json --folder "认证测试"
退出码与 CI 集成
# 退出码
# 0 — 所有测试通过
# 1 — 测试失败
# 2 — collection 或环境文件错误
newman run collection.json; echo "退出码: $?"
# GitHub Actions
# - name: 运行 API 测试
# run: |
# newman run collection.json \
# -e ${{env.ENVIRONMENT}} \
# --reporters cli,junit \
# --reporter-junit-export results/results.xml
作为 Node 模块使用
const newman = require('newman');
newman.run({
collection: require('./collection.json'),
environment: require('./environment.json'),
reporters: ['cli', 'junit'],
reporter: { junit: { export: './results/junit.xml' } },
delayRequest: 100,
}, (err, summary) => {
if (err) throw err;
if (summary.run.failures.length) {
console.error(`${summary.run.failures.length} 个测试失败`);
process.exit(1);
}
console.log('所有测试通过！');
});