FOSMVVM UI Tests Generator

Generate comprehensive UI tests for ViewModelViews in FOSMVVM applications.

Conceptual Foundation

For full architecture context, see FOSMVVMArchitecture.md | OpenClaw reference

UI testing in FOSMVVM follows a specific pattern that leverages:

• FOSTestingUI framework for test infrastructure
• ViewModelOperations for verifying business logic was invoked
• Accessibility identifiers for finding UI elements
• Test data transporter for passing operation stubs to the app

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    UI Test Architecture                      │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                              │
│  Test File (XCTest)                 App Under Test          │
│  ┌──────────────────┐              ┌──────────────────┐     │
│  │ MyViewUITests    │              │ MyView           │     │
│  │                  │              │                  │     │
│  │ presentView() ───┼─────────────►│ Show view with   │     │
│  │   with stub VM   │              │   stubbed data   │     │
│  │                  │              │                  │     │
│  │ Interact via ────┼─────────────►│ UI elements with │     │
│  │   identifiers    │              │   .uiTestingId   │     │
│  │                  │              │                  │     │
│  │ Assert on UI     │              │ .testData────────┼──┐  │
│  │   state          │              │   Transporter    │  │  │
│  │                  │              └──────────────────┘  │  │
│  │ viewModelOps() ◄─┼─────────────────────────────────────┘  │
│  │   verify calls   │              Stub Operations          │
│  └──────────────────┘                                        │
│                                                              │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Core Components

1. Base Test Case Class

Every project should have a base test case that inherits from ViewModelViewTestCase:

class MyAppViewModelViewTestCase\x3CVM: ViewModel, VMO: ViewModelOperations>:
    ViewModelViewTestCase\x3CVM, VMO>, @unchecked Sendable {

    @MainActor func presentView(
        configuration: TestConfiguration,
        viewModel: VM = .stub(),
        timeout: TimeInterval = 3
    ) throws -> XCUIApplication {
        try presentView(
            testConfiguration: configuration.toJSON(),
            viewModel: viewModel,
            timeout: timeout
        )
    }

    override func setUp() async throws {
        try await super.setUp(
            bundle: Bundle.main,
            resourceDirectoryName: "",
            appBundleIdentifier: "com.example.MyApp"
        )

        continueAfterFailure = false
    }
}

Key points:

• Generic over ViewModel and ViewModelOperations
• Wraps FOSTestingUI's presentView() with project-specific configuration
• Sets up bundle and app bundle identifier
• continueAfterFailure = false stops tests immediately on failure

2. Individual UI Test Files

Each ViewModelView gets a corresponding UI test file.

For views WITH operations:

final class MyViewUITests: MyAppViewModelViewTestCase\x3CMyViewModel, MyViewOps> {
    // UI Tests - verify UI state
    func testButtonEnabled() async throws {
        let app = try presentView(viewModel: .stub(enabled: true))
        XCTAssertTrue(app.myButton.isEnabled)
    }

    // Operation Tests - verify operations were called
    func testButtonTap() async throws {
        let app = try presentView(configuration: .requireSomeState())
        app.myButton.tap()

        let stubOps = try viewModelOperations()
        XCTAssertTrue(stubOps.myOperationCalled)
    }
}

private extension XCUIApplication {
    var myButton: XCUIElement {
        buttons.element(matching: .button, identifier: "myButtonIdentifier")
    }
}

For views WITHOUT operations (display-only):

Use an empty stub operations protocol:

// In your test file
protocol MyViewStubOps: ViewModelOperations {}
struct MyViewStubOpsImpl: MyViewStubOps {}

final class MyViewUITests: MyAppViewModelViewTestCase\x3CMyViewModel, MyViewStubOpsImpl> {
    // UI Tests only - no operation verification
    func testDisplaysCorrectly() async throws {
        let app = try presentView(viewModel: .stub(title: "Test"))
        XCTAssertTrue(app.titleLabel.exists)
    }
}

When to use each:

• With operations: Interactive views that perform actions (forms, buttons that call APIs, etc.)
• Without operations: Display-only views (cards, detail views, static content)

3. XCUIElement Helper Extensions

Common helpers for interacting with UI elements:

extension XCUIElement {
    var text: String? {
        value as? String
    }

    func typeTextAndWait(_ string: String, timeout: TimeInterval = 2) {
        typeText(string)
        _ = wait(for: \.text, toEqual: string, timeout: timeout)
    }

    func tapMenu() {
        if isHittable {
            tap()
        } else {
            coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: 0.5, dy: 0.5)).tap()
        }
    }
}

4. View Requirements

For views WITH operations:

public struct MyView: ViewModelView {
    #if DEBUG
    @State private var repaintToggle = false
    #endif

    private let viewModel: MyViewModel
    private let operations: MyViewModelOperations

    public var body: some View {
        Button(action: doSomething) {
            Text(viewModel.buttonLabel)
        }
        .uiTestingIdentifier("myButtonIdentifier")
        #if DEBUG
        .testDataTransporter(viewModelOps: operations, repaintToggle: $repaintToggle)
        #endif
    }

    public init(viewModel: MyViewModel) {
        self.viewModel = viewModel
        self.operations = viewModel.operations
    }

    private func doSomething() {
        operations.doSomething()
        toggleRepaint()
    }

    private func toggleRepaint() {
        #if DEBUG
        repaintToggle.toggle()
        #endif
    }
}

For views WITHOUT operations (display-only):

public struct MyView: ViewModelView {
    private let viewModel: MyViewModel

    public var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text(viewModel.title)
            Text(viewModel.description)
        }
        .uiTestingIdentifier("mainContent")
    }

    public init(viewModel: MyViewModel) {
        self.viewModel = viewModel
    }
}

Critical patterns (for views WITH operations):

• @State private var repaintToggle = false for triggering test data transport
• .testDataTransporter(viewModelOps:repaintToggle:) modifier in DEBUG
• toggleRepaint() called after every operation invocation
• operations stored as property from viewModel.operations

Display-only views:

• No repaintToggle needed
• No .testDataTransporter() modifier needed
• Just add .uiTestingIdentifier() to elements you want to test

ViewModelOperations: Optional

Not all views need ViewModelOperations:

Views that NEED operations:

• Forms with submit/cancel actions
• Views that call business logic or APIs
• Interactive views that trigger app state changes
• Views with user-initiated async operations

Views that DON'T NEED operations:

• Display-only cards or detail views
• Static content views
• Pure navigation containers
• Server-hosted views that just render data

For views without operations:

Create an empty operations file alongside your ViewModel:

// MyDisplayViewModelOperations.swift
import FOSMVVM
import Foundation

public protocol MyDisplayViewModelOperations: ViewModelOperations {}

#if canImport(SwiftUI)
public final class MyDisplayViewStubOps: MyDisplayViewModelOperations, @unchecked Sendable {
    public init() {}
}
#endif

Then use it in tests:

final class MyDisplayViewUITests: MyAppViewModelViewTestCase\x3C
    MyDisplayViewModel,
    MyDisplayViewStubOps
> {
    // Only test UI state, no operation verification
}

The view itself doesn't need:

• repaintToggle state
• .testDataTransporter() modifier
• operations property
• toggleRepaint() function

Just add .uiTestingIdentifier() to elements you want to verify.

Test Categories

UI State Tests

Verify that the UI displays correctly based on ViewModel state:

func testButtonDisabledWhenNotReady() async throws {
    let app = try presentView(viewModel: .stub(ready: false))
    XCTAssertFalse(app.submitButton.isEnabled)
}

func testButtonEnabledWhenReady() async throws {
    let app = try presentView(viewModel: .stub(ready: true))
    XCTAssertTrue(app.submitButton.isEnabled)
}

Operation Tests

Verify that user interactions invoke the correct operations:

func testSubmitButtonInvokesOperation() async throws {
    let app = try presentView(configuration: .requireAuth())
    app.submitButton.tap()

    let stubOps = try viewModelOperations()
    XCTAssertTrue(stubOps.submitCalled)
    XCTAssertFalse(stubOps.cancelCalled)
}

Navigation Tests

Verify navigation flows work correctly:

func testNavigationToDetailView() async throws {
    let app = try presentView()
    app.itemRow.tap()

    XCTAssertTrue(app.detailView.exists)
}

When to Use This Skill

• Adding UI tests for a new ViewModelView
• Setting up UI test infrastructure for a FOSMVVM project
• Following an implementation plan that requires test coverage
• Validating user interaction flows

What This Skill Generates

Initial Setup (once per project)

Per ViewModelView

Note: Views without user interactions use an empty operations file with just the protocol and minimal stub.

Project Structure Configuration

How to Use This Skill

Invocation: /fosmvvm-ui-tests-generator

Prerequisites:

• View and ViewModel structure understood from conversation context
• ViewModelOperations type identified (or confirmed as display-only)
• Interactive elements and user flows discussed

Workflow integration: This skill is typically used after implementing ViewModelViews. The skill references conversation context automatically—no file paths or Q&A needed. Often follows fosmvvm-swiftui-view-generator or fosmvvm-react-view-generator.

Pattern Implementation

This skill references conversation context to determine test structure:

Test Type Detection

From conversation context, the skill identifies:

• First test vs additional test (whether base test infrastructure exists)
• ViewModel type (from prior discussion or View implementation)
• ViewModelOperations type (from View implementation or context)
• Interactive vs display-only (whether operations need verification)

View Analysis

From requirements already in context:

• Interactive elements (buttons, fields, controls requiring test coverage)
• User flows (navigation paths, form submission, drag-and-drop)
• State variations (enabled/disabled, visible/hidden, error states)
• Operation triggers (which UI actions invoke which operations)

Infrastructure Planning

Based on project state:

• Base test case (create if first test, reuse if exists)
• XCUIElement extensions (helper methods for common interactions)
• App bundle identifier (for launching test host)

Test File Generation

For the specific view:

1. Test class inheriting from base test case
2. UI state tests (verify display based on ViewModel)
3. Operation tests (verify user interactions invoke operations)
4. XCUIApplication extension with element accessors

View Requirements

Ensure test identifiers and data transport:

1. .uiTestingIdentifier() on all interactive elements
2. @State private var repaintToggle (if has operations)
3. .testDataTransporter() modifier (if has operations)
4. toggleRepaint() calls after operations (if has operations)

Context Sources

Skill references information from:

• Prior conversation: View requirements, user flows discussed
• View implementation: If Claude has read View code into context
• ViewModelOperations: From codebase or discussion

Key Patterns

Test Configuration Pattern

Use TestConfiguration for tests that need specific app state:

func testWithSpecificState() async throws {
    let app = try presentView(
        configuration: .requireAuth(userId: "123")
    )
    // Test with authenticated state
}

Element Accessor Pattern

Define element accessors in a private extension:

private extension XCUIApplication {
    var submitButton: XCUIElement {
        buttons.element(matching: .button, identifier: "submitButton")
    }

    var cancelButton: XCUIElement {
        buttons.element(matching: .button, identifier: "cancelButton")
    }

    var firstItem: XCUIElement {
        buttons.element(matching: .button, identifier: "itemButton").firstMatch
    }
}

Operation Verification Pattern

After user interactions, verify operations were called:

func testDecrementButton() async throws {
    let app = try presentView(configuration: .requireDevice())
    app.decrementButton.tap()

    let stubOps = try viewModelOperations()
    XCTAssertTrue(stubOps.decrementCalled)
    XCTAssertFalse(stubOps.incrementCalled)
}

Orientation Setup Pattern

Set device orientation in setUp() if needed:

override func setUp() async throws {
    try await super.setUp()

    #if os(iOS)
    XCUIDevice.shared.orientation = .portrait
    #endif
}

View Testing Checklist

All views:

• .uiTestingIdentifier() on all elements you want to test

Views WITH operations (interactive views):

• @State private var repaintToggle = false property
• .testDataTransporter(viewModelOps:repaintToggle:) modifier
• toggleRepaint() helper function
• toggleRepaint() called after every operation invocation
• operations stored from viewModel.operations in init

Views WITHOUT operations (display-only):

• No repaintToggle needed
• No .testDataTransporter() needed
• No operations property needed
• operations stored from viewModel.operations in init

Common Test Patterns

Testing Async Operations

func testAsyncOperation() async throws {
    let app = try presentView()
    app.loadButton.tap()

    // Wait for UI to update
    _ = app.waitForExistence(timeout: 3)

    let stubOps = try viewModelOperations()
    XCTAssertTrue(stubOps.loadCalled)
}

Testing Form Input

func testFormInput() async throws {
    let app = try presentView()

    let emailField = app.emailTextField
    emailField.tap()
    emailField.typeTextAndWait("[email protected]")

    app.submitButton.tap()

    let stubOps = try viewModelOperations()
    XCTAssertTrue(stubOps.submitCalled)
}

Testing Error States

func testErrorDisplay() async throws {
    let app = try presentView(viewModel: .stub(hasError: true))

    XCTAssertTrue(app.errorAlert.exists)
    XCTAssertEqual(app.errorMessage.text, "An error occurred")
}

File Templates

See reference.md for complete file templates.

Naming Conventions

See Also

• Architecture Patterns - Mental models and patterns
• FOSMVVMArchitecture.md - Full FOSMVVM architecture
• fosmvvm-viewmodel-generator - For creating ViewModels
• fosmvvm-swiftui-app-setup - For app test host setup
• reference.md - Complete file templates

Version History